Prehistoric Rome

The Roman Empire, during this period, was the most powerful civilization up to this point in time. The past time periods had developed a great structure for the Roman Empire. In particular, Greece defined a lot of great subjects that only empowered the Romans more. It was the greatest power west of China. They served as a catalyst in spreading art and civilization. Like past periods with trade, Rome controlled commerce in the western Mediterranean Sea. They utilized this greatly for trading goods and the like.

This culture was truly defined when transportation became abundant. They mastered road building which created several other new inventions. The post and lintel construction was utilized in building designs. The columns were decorative and structural; even more than past columns and structures. Likewise, they took pride in their extravagant ornamentation in furniture. A lot of these new inventions stemmed from concrete; a discovery of this era. With the use of the concrete, major developments such as arches, barrels, vaults, and domes were used greatly throughout architecture.

Structures and social values played a huge role in their culture. Religious figures were often represented through tombs and temples. Entertainment was very popular. Sporting events, circus', concerts, and plays were put on frequently. Art was expanding at a fast pace; it was one discovery after another that the culture enjoyed thoroughly.

One of the greatest monumental structures was the Coliseum. It was made out of concrete and stone; which is probably why it is still alive today. It utilized the arch and barrel vault, and each level demonstrated a podium, column, and entablature. It was a very famous prototype of a sports arena. You can see similar arena's in today's era; they were more than likely based off of the coliseum in Rome.

Another great structure was the Pantheon; still present today. It was commissioned by Marcus Agrippa and was rebuilt by the emperor Hadrian. It utilized a round temple with a dome. Because of that, it is known as the world's largest un-reinforced concrete domes of the world. An interesting element within the building is the oculus. It is 142 feet in diameter and 142 feet high. It is an opening within the structure where natural light comes through. Rainfall, sunlight, and the like can leak through at any time of the day. That is why it is so unique in design.

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